N-008 N-009 ■ 刃数选择标准 Selection of Number of Flute 2刃 2-Flutes 3刃 3-Flutes 4刃 4-Flutes 6刃 6-Flutes 沟槽加工 Slotting ◎ ○ × 侧面加工 Side Milling ○ ◎ 通常,2刃及3刃排屑槽比较大,适合用于沟槽加工。 侧面加工时,因无需担心切屑的堆积,使用4刃及6刃等多刀刃的刀具效果更佳。 Generally 2-flutes and 3-flutes are selected for slotting because of the larger chip pocket. 4-flutes and 6-flutes are recommended for side milling as no problem of chip disposal. ■ 螺旋角选择标准 Selection of Helix Angle ■ 切屑排出量 Q(cm3/min) Metal Removal Rate Q ■ 基于球头铣刀的球头半径(R)和步距(ae)的 尖点高度(理论表面粗糙度) Ball end mill and pick feed (ae) (theoretical surface finish) 铣床的单位时间(1分钟)内所生成的切屑排出量按照以下公式进行计算。 Metal removal rate (the volume of metal removed in cubic mm per minute) is calculated by the following formula. 球头铣刀加工中,如下图所示,依球头半径和步距而形成的切削剩余部分的高度被称为尖点高度或者残留高 度,该高度可以作为理论上的表面粗糙度进行考量。进行平坦部分的表面加工时,由于步距与径向切深量 ae相同,按照以下公式进行计算。 In ball end mill milling, height h of the unmachined part like mountain shape below be formed by ball radius and pick feed, which are called cusp height or scallop height and which is considered theoretical surface finish. Since pick feed is the same ae radial depth of cut at the milling in flat part, it is calculated by the following formula. ap ae vf Q(cm3/min) 1,000 R R ae ae 2 2 2 1000 1000 2 8R h(μm) ap:轴向切深量(mm) ae:径向切深量(mm) vf:进给速度(mm/min) ap : Axial depth of cut (mm) vf : Feed (mm/min) ae : Radial depth of cut (mm) R:球头半径(mm) R : Radius (mm) ae:径向切深量(mm) ae : Radial depth of cut (mm) 尖点高度一览表 Cusp Height Quick Reference Matrix 球头半径 R Radius 径向切深量 ae[mm] Radial depth of cut ae [mm] 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.05 0.06 0.25 1.01 2.30 - - - - - - - 0.1 0.03 0.13 0.50 1.13 2.02 3.18 - - - - - 0.3 0.01 0.04 0.17 0.38 0.67 1.04 2.68 4.20 - - - 0.5 0.01以下 0.03 0.10 0.23 0.40 0.63 1.60 2.51 5.66 - - 0.75 - 0.02 0.07 0.15 0.27 0.42 1.07 1.67 3.76 6.70 - 1 - 0.01 0.05 0.11 0.20 0.31 0.80 1.25 2.82 5.01 - 1.5 - 0.01以下 0.03 0.08 0.13 0.21 0.53 0.83 1.88 3.34 7.52 2 - - 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.16 0.40 0.63 1.41 2.50 5.63 2.5 - - 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.13 0.32 0.50 1.13 2.00 4.50 3 - - 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.27 0.42 0.94 1.67 3.75 ※上表是使用球头铣刀对平坦部进行精加工时根据径向切深量ae求得的理论值。 ※In finishing in flat part, the above values in the table are theoretical values by the radial depth of cut (ae). ● 25°螺旋角 Helix 25° 沟槽加工中,加工面的倾斜、起伏较少的25°螺旋角比较有效。 Suitable for slotting. ● 30°螺旋角 Helix 30° 可支持沟槽和侧面加工的通用型。 Recommendable for both slotting and side milling. ● 35°螺旋角、40°螺旋角、45°螺旋角 Helix 35°, Helix 40°, Helix 45° 根据加工表面所需的倾斜程度和起伏量进行选择。 螺旋角越大,切削性能越好,振刀也越少,还能加大刀刃的长度。 Selectable within the required tolerance. As larger angle gives higher shearing ability and reduce chattering, it is possible to relatively prolong the length of cut. ● 45°螺旋角 Helix 45° 可对应高硬度钢及难切削材料的加工。 Suitable for machining for hardened steels and tough materials. ■ 切削方向(逆铣与顺铣) Cutting Direction(Up-cut and Down-cut) 逆铣与顺铣的切削机构图 Cutting structure of Up-cut and Down-cut 不同切削方向的刀具磨损量比较图片 Difference of edge wear by cutting directions 顺铣是从厚进刀缓缓切薄,若是逆铣则按照相反的方向进行切削加工。从图片上也可得知,一般情况下, 顺铣时刀具的损耗少,使用寿命长。 Down-cut tooth first cuts thicker then progressively thinner, while Up-cut goes the opposite. As shown by above photos, Down-cut is recommended since the wear of cutting edge is comparatively small and tool life is eventually longer. 铣刀的进给方向 Feed 铣刀的进给方向 Feed 每刃进给量 Feed per tooth 每刃进给量 Feed per tooth 顺铣 Down-cut 逆铣 Up-cut 加工材料 Work Material 加工材料 Work Material (对S50C切削加工50m后的状态 After cutting of 50m, S50C) 磨损小Small wear Wave Deflection 顺铣 Down-cut 逆铣 Up-cut 磨损大Large wear 铣刀的切削参数(2) Cutting conditions of End Mill (2) 步距 Pick feed (ae) R 高度 h Height h 起伏量 倾斜量 Q : Metal removal rate (cm3/min) 单位Unit:μm 技术资料 Technical Guidance 技术资料 Technical Guidance 25°螺旋角 Helix 25° 30°螺旋角 Helix 30° 35°螺旋角 Helix 35° 40°螺旋角 Helix 40° 45°螺旋角 Helix 45° 切削性能 Shearing ability ○ ○ ◎ ◎ 抑制振刀效果 Chatter resistance ○ ○ ◎ ◎ 加工表面粗糙度 Surface roughness ○ ○ ◎ ◎ 加工面倾斜量 Inclination ◎ ◎ ○ ○ 加工面起伏量 Wave ◎ ◎ ○ ○ 用途 Application 沟槽加工 Slotting ◎ ○ ○ △ 侧面加工 Side milling ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ 高硬度钢 Hardened steels △ △ ○ ◎
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